Painting by Albert Edelfelt
We read books to find out who we are. What other people, real or imaginary, do and think and feel . . . an essential guide to our understanding of what we ourselves are and may become.”
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Norway
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Awareness, Pride, and Hope
The Nordic lands have their own heritage of oral tales, myths, and legends. Their stories, unlike the Grimm's Germanic tales, are embellished by description. As with the classic tales of Western Europe, they also embody fantasy, open the imagination, and give hope to the listener or reader.
Both Norway and Finland had witnessed centuries of intermittent war and oppression by others, namely, by Sweden, Denmark, and Russia. In both countries, there was a deep connection to nature -- to the land, the lakes, the mountains and the sea.
In the nineteenth century, in both Norway and Finland,
their heritage of oral tales actually influenced history. Dedicated people went to the countryside, wrote down the ancient stories and songs and published them. They were widely read and played a major role in raising awareness and pride and influencing the rise of nationalism.
The painting is by Erik Werenskiold.
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Preserving National Treasure
In Norway, the oral tales were collected by writers and scholars Peter Christan Asbjörsen (1812-1885) and Jorgen Moe (1813-1882). In Finland, a country doctor, Elias Lönnrot (1802-1884), traveled throughout remote areas where thousands of verse-songs from the Finnish past could still be heard. He attended to the medical needs of the country people and collected their verse-songs in what became known as the Kalevala.
"Asbjörnsen and Moe developed a friendship while still attending school and together they determined to do for Norwegian folklore what the Brothers Grimm had accomplished for German folklore...(they) sought to preserve a national treasure, one that both reflected and shaped a national identity...preserving the most profound expressions of the Norwegian soul...Asbjörnsen and Moe preserved a robust folkloric tradition and did for Norway what the Sagas did for Iceland and the Kalevala did for Finland." -- Maria Tatar, The Annotated Classic Fairy Tales.
A Land of Mountains, Trolls, Great Forests and the Sea
Several editions of the Norwegian tales were published beginning in 1841. They were very well received and very popular. Peer Gynt inspired the great playright, Henrik Ibsen, to write a verse play, that is still performed and celebrated today. Edvard Greig composed music for the play Here is a link to the music for Peer Gynt.
In the celebrated Norwegian tale, East of the Sun and West of the Moon, all is lost after the young girl, who has ridden bravely on the back of a huge bear, kisses a handsome prince and lights a candle -- though forbidden to do so -- to see his face. Here is an excerpt:
'What have you done?' he cried; 'now you have made us both unlucky, for had you held out only this one year, I had been freed. For I have a stepmother who has bewitched me, so that I am a White Bear by day, and a Man by night. But now all ties are snapt between us; now I must set off from you to her. She lives in a Castle which stands EAST O' THE SUN AND WEST O' THE MOON, and there, too, is a Princess, with a nose three ells long, and she's the wife I must have now.". . . The story continues, for where their is courage, there is always hope.
Norway declared independence from Sweden in October, 1905.
The illustration of the Trolls and the Changeling is by Jon Bauer.
The illustration from East of the Sun and West of the moon is by Ella Williams.
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Finland
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A New Nationalism
Imagine a northern country of ancient forests and lakes, sparsely populated by independent, hardworking but poor people who came into their own in 1809 when they were freed from Swedish domination. The Russian Empire attacked and defeated the Swedish Empire, and Finland became an autonomous Grand Duchy of Russia. After six centuries under Sweden, Finland was on the way to self government and a new nationalism
Here was a land bordered by the sea in the south and west, where the great trees of the heartland provided a source of income for many, and where the snows of winter were a major factor in developing a resilient people where children learn to ski at an early age. This is a land of people that had (and still have today) a very close connection to nature; a land which has, to this day, an abundance of wildlife including moose, bear, wolves, and wolverines. And through their mythic oral history, they found added incentive to true Finnish identity.
Finland declared Independence from Russia in December, 1917.
The painting is by Albert Edelfelt.
The Kalevala
The Kalevala was passed on for centuries by rune singers before Elias Lönnrot, in his pioneering effort, recorded and published them in 1835 and 1849. In earlier times, there were hundreds of Rune singers in small villages and hamlets throughout the land. During the Finnish Renaissance of the nineteenth century, artists, writers, composers (including Jean Sibelius), students, and ordinary people listened to Rune singers reciting the mythic verses of The Kalevala.
Rune singers had prodigious memories. For example, among the singers who contributed to Elias Lönnrot's research was a woman, Larin Paraske (1833-1904), who could recite 32,000 verses. accompanied by the soft string sound of the Kantele.
The painting of rune singer Larin Paraske is by Albert Edelfelt.
The Mythic Stories
The stories told by the rune singers range from the creation of the world to a journey to Deaths Domain; from wedding feasts to charms for getting cattle home. They include the forging of the magic Sampo -- a source of prosperity and happiness -- and it's tragic loss by evil forces. Here is an edited excerpt of the loss of the Sampo:
"She spreads her wings to fly, raises herself aloft like an eagle,
She flies swiftly along seeking out Väinämöinem,
one wing brushed the clouds, the other grazed the water . . .
Now the old woman of North Farm is coming, a remarkable bird is moving along,
Like a hawk to judge by the shoulders, a griffin to judge by the trunk,
She takes Väinämöinenby surprise . . .
The vessel was about to sink straight down, the ship to keel over on it's side . . .
Translation from the Kalevala by Francis Magoun
The painting of the fight for the Sampo is by Gallen Kellala.
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Transcending National and Cultural Boundaries
The Kalevala is a great poem and a national epic, but it is also a work of art which trancends national and cultural boundaries, which is read in many languages, which has a message also for our time. General problems, difficulties and riches of human nature and human life can be seen behind its myths, and their message touches also the people of today." --
The Kalevala, An Epic of Finland and all Mankind by Heikki Kirkinen and Hannes Sihvo
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Tolkien and The Kalevala
"J.R.R. Tolkien, already a scholar of Beowulf and the Sagas, learned Finnish in order to explore the Kalevala for himself. . . He lamented the lack of proper English mythology and his ambition was to create a mythology for England, which he eventually did with his legendarium."
Emily Watson, Editor of Quadrapheme
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Here is a link to music by Sibelius inspired by the story of Kullervo in the Kalevala.
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Tove Jansson -- From the Dark Years of War to the Wonder of the Moomins
Tove Jansson (1914-2001) was a young writer-artist when the Russians invaded Finland in November,1939. All of Europe was headed to the chaos, destruction and fear of WW 2. Like other Finns, the next years of her life would be dominated by war. Jansson used cartoons to lampoon both Hitler and Joseph Stalin. Her work became a feature in anti-fascist magazines. The Finnish war with Russia was in two parts,1939-1940. and 1941-1944. The Finns then had to drive the German Army out of Lapland. The war finally ended in 1945. It was in 1945 that Jansson created the Moomins, her benevolent troll-like characters, that would later become a beloved series of children's books.
In the years that followed, Moomin popularity spread, slowly at first, and then quite rapidly. A big push came when Jansson began publishing a Moomin comic strip (1954) in the London Evening News; at that time, the largest newspaper in the world. She was soon reaching 20 million readers daily in over 40 countries. Jansson created the comic strip for seven years while still creating books and painting.She then turned the comic strip over to her brother, Lars, who continued the strip, often with collaboration, until 1975.
Moomins were also very popular in Japan where a charming cartoon series, aimed at adults appeared in 1969. I have posted a link below, You Tube offers many more.
Television followed in Europe. There then came movies, theater, theme parks, and even opera. Moomin merchandising grew in a multitude of ways, from coffee cups to stuffed toys.Today, the Moomin brand is estimated to have a value of 700 million Euros per year. What started as wonderful adventures in Moomin Valley has become a big business.
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The Moomins -- Like Nothing Else in Literature
"A lost treasure now rediscovered . . . A surrealistic masterpiece."
Neil Gaiman
"Jansen (sic) was a genius of a very subtle kind. These simple stories resonate with profound and complex emotions that are like nothing else in literature for children or adults: intensely Nordic, and completely universal."
Phillip Pullman
The illustrations are by Tove Jansson.
Link to Moomin Blog
Link to well done profile/bio of Tove Jansson
Link to a charming episode from the popular Japanese animation Moomin series: Mörön
Link to the Moomin Cafe in Tokyo
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"Fairy-tales are interesting things. Stories too large for one era or culture. Messages we shape and shape again. That draw us in and try to teach us lessons. Be wary of the stranger in the woods. Be kind to older ladies you encounter. The way you look can be a blessing or a curse, depending." Deirdre Sullivan: author
Nordic Tales, Part 2, will be posted in my August blog featuring Sweden, Astrid Lindgren; Selma Lagerdörf; the collector, Clara Stroebe; Tomten, the troll, and more.
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Movies
Incredibles 2 : Light Fun . . .
Isle of Dogs : Intelligent fun and delightful dogs . . .
Early Man: inspired silliness and light fun . . .
CoCo: excellent. a breakthrough film . . . great music
Treat yourself to the best. . . Here is a link to a 3 minute and 24 second montage of Hayao Miyazaki films: Miyazaki
The illustration is from Howl's Moving Castle-
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The Animal Protector Series of Children's Books
The Animal Protector Series uses fictional
animal characters and action-packed storylines to shine a
spotlight on animals that are in need of human protection,
but their plights have often been ignored in today’s
society. To date, there are five planned books in the
series; the first, out now, is called Smidgey Pidgey’s
Predicament . . . Books are also in the works featuring rodeo
calves and hermit crabs, with more storylines planned for
2019.
The series is written by Tamira Thayne, and illustrated by C.A. Wulff.
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What Happens Next?
"Since a gunman killed 20 first graders and six adults with an assault rifle at Sandy Hook Elementary School in 2012, there have been at least 239 school shootings nationwide, according to an analysis in February of figures provided by the Gun Violence Archive. In those episodes, 438 people were shot, 138 of whom were killed."
Christine Hauser in the New York Times.
What happened to the momentum to modify the gun laws? The politicians are quiet. The president is quiet -- at least about the gun laws.
What happens next?
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Therapy dogs bring the human canine connection to Washington DC and nearby areas courtesy of PAL:
"Our mission is to utilize the human-animal bond to brighten the lives of the lonely, ease the pain of the sick, and enrich the world of at-risk children. . . . In our Pet Visit Program, wagging tails and wet noses ease the loneliness of the elderly and comfort the sick. Warm, gazing eyes help early readers feel comfortable reading out loud when dogs visit libraries. In our PAL Camp and PAL Club, hundreds of lower-income children deepen their natural connection to the amazing animal kingdom with a rich Animal Studies program . . ..
Here is a link to visit PAL
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"In contrast (to the written tales), the beauty of storytelling is how the same story is slightly different each time it is told, even by the same storyteller. Oral fairy tales are elusive creatures that folklorists study, record and try to trace through history."
Excerpted from Heidi Anne Heimer's excellent article, What Is a Fairytale? on SurLaLune
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Why Am I ?
Why Am I ? – a joyous Yelodoggie Book – celebrates self-empowerment and the benefits of inclusion. It helps children recognize and appreciate differences and to embrace that which is unique in each of us.
Yelodoggie travels far and wide, up and down, inside and outside, from outer space to the waters of the sea –gaining confidence and leaving his insecurities behind – while seeking to answer Why Am I different ?...Why Am I Yellow ?
Why Am I ? opens the imagination and perspective of children to the world around them.
We are searching for a publisher who will love Why Am I ?, recognize its potential, and launch it into the world. This is a book for our troubled times. Our primary motive is wide distribution.
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The Planet Of The Dogs Series
We have free reader copies of all the books in the Planet Of The Dogs series for therapy dog organizations, individual therapy dog owners, librarians, teachers and independent bookstores. . . email us at [email protected] and we will send you the books.
To read sample chapters of any book in the series, visit PlanetOfTheDogs
The Planet Of The Dogs series (including Castle In The Mist and Snow Valley Heroes, A Christmas Tale) is available from many Internet sources and through independent book stores of all sizes.
"Castle In The Mist is the second book in the Planet of the Dogs series and I must say I enjoyed it, cover to cover. This work can be read as a sequel to Planet of the Dogs, an ideal situation, but can also be read as a stand-alone with no loss to the flow of the story." -- Don Blankenship, Teacher and Reviewer, Good Books for Kids
The photo by Susan Purser is of her therapy dog, Bandit, and his friend, Chase, reading Castle In The Mist.
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"If you can look at a dog and not feel vicarious excitement and affection, you must be a cat." - Author Unknown
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